# Network Costs

All blockchain transactions require network fees in order to be processed. Within Liberty DEX, the responsibility for transaction submission is delegated to executors, which changes how these costs are handled from the user’s perspective.

In most cases, the executor who fulfills the order covers the network costs associated with executing the swap. These costs are incorporated into the final execution price rather than charged separately to the user.

Executors may optimize execution costs by batching multiple orders, sourcing liquidity efficiently, or using internal inventory. This allows overall transaction costs to be reduced at the system level.

As a result, users are not required to hold the native token of the network in order to perform swaps, and no network fees are incurred if an order is not executed.

### When Users Pay Network Fees

There are specific cases where users may still incur network costs:

**Token approvals**

If a token has not been previously approved, an on-chain approval transaction is required. This step incurs standard network fees.

**Native asset (PLS) wrapping**

When swapping native assets (such as PLS), the asset may need to be converted into its wrapped form before execution. This conversion requires an on-chain transaction and associated network costs.


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